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V:YAG Crystal

POC-OC-122494-V:YAG Crystal

  • High ground-state absorption and low excited-state absorption.
  • Excellent optical, mechanical, and thermal properties.
  • High Q-switch contrast for superior laser performance.
  • UV-resistant and capable of withstanding high laser damage thresholds.
  • Custom crystals available upon request.

Customizable Components Available for This Material to Meet Your Specific Needs!

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V:YAG Crystal Material General Description

V:YAG (Vanadium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) is a saturable absorber crystal specifically designed for passive Q-switching in lasers emitting between 1064 nm and 1440 nm. This advanced crystal exhibits superior ground-state absorption and negligible excited-state absorption, ensuring high efficiency in laser systems. V:YAG is grown using the Czochralski method, resulting in exceptional optical, mechanical, and thermal properties, making it highly versatile and reliable for demanding applications. The material’s robustness also provides UV resistance and exceptional laser damage thresholds, allowing for long-term use in various environments.

 

General Application and Examples

V:YAG Crystals are primarily used in passive Q-switching for lasers and provide significant advantages in laser systems such as:

  • Laser Rangefinders: Enables precise distance measurements in military, industrial, and surveying applications.
  • LIDAR Systems: Suitable for environmental monitoring and autonomous vehicle navigation.
  • LIBS Systems: Widely used for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in material analysis.
  • Medical Lasers: Ensures precise operation in dermatology, ophthalmology, and surgical applications.
  • Industrial Applications: Ideal for precision laser machining, engraving, and welding.

V:YAG crystals are also commonly paired with active laser media like Nd:YAG, Nd:YVO4, and Er:Glass for enhanced Q-switching performance. The exceptional recovery time and emission cross-section values ensure high-efficiency pulse generation without the need for external modulators, simplifying laser design.

Chemical and Structural Properties

Property

Value

Crystal Structure

Cubic

Density

4.56 g/cm³

Thermal Expansion Coefficient

6.14 × 10^-6 K^-1

Thermal Conductivity

11.2 W/m·K

Mohs Hardness

8.2

Refractive Index

1.82 @ 1064 nm

Optical, Laser and Nonlinear Optical Properties

Property

Value

Laser Wavelength Range

1064 nm – 1440 nm

Absorption Cross-Section

72 × 10^-20 cm² @ 1340 nm

Excited-State Absorption Cross-Section

7.4 × 10^-20 cm²

Recovery Time (T3)

5 – 37 ns

Emission Cross-Section

Varies with laser media

Standard Fabrication Specifications

Parameter

Value

Initial Transmission (T0)

30-98% @ 1340 nm

Face Dimensions Tolerance

+0.0/-0.1 mm

Parallelism Error

<20 arcsec

Protective Chamfers

<0.1 mm at 45°

Surface Flatness

<λ/8 @ 632.8 nm

Laser Damage Threshold

>10 J/cm² @ 1340 nm

Spectrum Transmission Curve:

The absorption coefficient graph provided indicates V:YAG’s superior ground-state absorption in the spectral range from 1064 nm to 1440 nm, ensuring high performance in Q-switched laser systems.

Coating Specification:

 

  • Anti-Reflective Coatings: AR coatings are optimized for 1310-1360 nm on both crystal faces, ensuring low reflection losses and improved efficiency in laser systems.
  • Adhesion Test Compliant with MIL-C-675C military standards, an adhesion test involved applying a tape that meets LT-90 specifications onto the lens film layer. The tape was affixed fully and then removed vertically. This procedure was performed three times, resulting in no blistering or peeling.
  • Temperature Test In line with MIL-C-675C specifications, test pieces were subjected to temperatures of -62±1℃ and 71±1℃. After maintaining them at room temperature (16℃~32℃) for two hours, the adhesion test was repeated, confirming no film detachment.
  • Abrasion Resistance Test Conforming to MIL-C-675C and CCC-C-440 standards, the abrasion resistance test involved a gauze tester applying a minimum force of 1.0 lbs (0.45 kg) to the film. This was repeated 25 times with gauze widths of 1/4 inch (6.4mm) and 3/8 inch (9.5mm), ensuring no damage occurred to the film surface.
  • Humidity Test Under MIL-C-675C criteria, the test piece was placed in a controlled temperature and humidity chamber set to 49 ±2℃ and 95%~100% humidity for 24 hours. The film remained intact, with no peeling, scratches, or other defects.
  • Solvent and Cleaning Testing Following MIL-C-675C specifications, test pieces were exposed to room temperature conditions (16℃~32℃) and tested with acetone and alcohol for at least 10 minutes each. After air drying and subsequent cleaning with a cotton cloth soaked in alcohol, the film surface showed no signs of peeling or scratches.
  • Salt Spray Test After 100 hours in a 35°C environment with a 5% saltwater concentration, the film showed no signs of damage.

POC Strength and Capabilities

 

Photonics On Crystals (POC) excels in the precise customization, polishing, and coating of V:YAG Crystals to meet specific client requirements. Our advanced manufacturing facilities ensure consistent quality and reliability for applications in industrial, medical, and scientific laser systems. With a dedicated team of experts, we guarantee superior customer service and fast delivery timelines, reinforcing our position as a trusted partner in photonics.

Standard Products

Face Dimensions (mm)

Initial Transmission

Coatings

Price (USD)

6 × 6

30% @ 1340 nm

AR @ 1310-1360 nm

540

6 × 6

40% @ 1340 nm

AR @ 1310-1360 nm

540

3 × 3

70% @ 1340 nm

AR @ 1310-1360 nm

540

3 × 3

95% @ 1340 nm

AR @ 1310-1360 nm

540

Customization Available

Upon Request

Optimized Coatings

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POC-OC-122494-V YAG Crystal

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