Get a quote
PbWO₄ Crystal

POC-OC-122497-PbWO₄ Crystal

  • High-density scintillation crystal with short radiation length.
  • Exceptional performance in nuclear physics and high-energy applications.
  • Dual emission peaks for enhanced detection sensitivity.
  • Reliable OEM services for custom dimensions and high-quality processing.
  • Excellent mechanical and optical stability under operational conditions.

Customizable Components Available for This Material to Meet Your Specific Needs!

Click here to Get a Quote

PbWO₄ Crystal  Material General Description

Lead Tungstate (PbWO₄) is a highly efficient scintillation crystal known for its superior density and compact radiation length. With a density of 8.28 g/cm³ and a melting point of 1123 °C, PbWO₄ provides reliable performance in high-energy physics and nuclear science. It is particularly suited for detecting ionizing radiation due to its fast decay constant and strong emission peaks at 530 nm (slow) and 440 nm (fast). This crystal’s high refractive index of 2.16 and stable cleavage plane (101) ensure excellent optical performance and mechanical stability, making it ideal for applications requiring precise radiation monitoring and high counting rates. PbWO₄ is widely employed in scientific research and industrial applications, with additional customization available to meet specific user requirements.

 

PbWO₄ Crystal  General Applications and Examples

PbWO₄ crystals are extensively utilized in diverse fields, primarily focusing on applications requiring efficient radiation detection. Some of the key examples include:

  • Nuclear Physics: PbWO₄ serves as a core material in particle detectors for measuring and identifying ionizing radiation in high-energy physics experiments.
  • Medical Imaging: This crystal is integrated into PET scanners and other nuclear medicine devices to deliver precise and high-resolution images for diagnostic purposes.
  • Space and Astrophysics: PbWO₄ is used in cosmic ray detection systems and radiation monitoring tools in space exploration missions.
  • Security Systems: A crucial material in X-ray and gamma-ray detection for baggage and cargo screening, ensuring high-security standards in airports and customs.
  • Industrial Monitoring: PbWO₄ provides accurate radiation measurement in industrial processes, including power plants and material research facilities.

Its robust mechanical and thermal properties make it adaptable for challenging environments and specialized applications.

Chemical and Structural Properties

Property

Value

Density

8.28 g/cm³

Melting Point

1123 °C

Refractive Index

2.16

Radiation Length

9.2 mm

Emission Peak

530 nm (slow), 440 nm (fast)

Decay Constant

30 ns (slow), 6 ns (fast)

Light Output

0.5%

Crystal Structure

Hexagonal System

Cleavage Plane

(101)

Optical, Laser and Nonlinear Optical Properties

While PbWO₄ is not widely recognized for laser or nonlinear optical properties, its scintillation properties make it highly efficient for radiation detection. Key features include:

  • Dual emission peaks for precise radiation measurement.
  • High refractive index for efficient light transmission.
  • Excellent mechanical and optical stability, ensuring durability under high-energy applications.

Standard Fabrication Specifications

Specification

Value

Surface Flatness

< λ/8 @ 632.8 nm

Surface Quality

10-5 Scratch-Dig

Clear Aperture

> 90%

Parallelism

< 20 arc seconds

Perpendicularity Error

< 1°

Thickness Tolerance

± 0.1 mm

Diameter Tolerance

+0/-0.1 mm

Spectrum Transmission Curve:

PbWO₄ crystals exhibit dual emission peaks at 530 nm (slow) and 440 nm (fast), which optimize radiation detection for a broad range of applications. Spectrum transmission data can be customized and provided upon request based on specific application requirements.

Coating Specification:

 

  • Standard anti-reflective (AR) coatings for the spectral range covering 440 nm and 530 nm.
  • Custom coating solutions available for specific radiation or optical requirements.
  • Adhesion Test Compliant with MIL-C-675C military standards, an adhesion test involved applying a tape that meets LT-90 specifications onto the lens film layer. The tape was affixed fully and then removed vertically. This procedure was performed three times, resulting in no blistering or peeling.
  • Temperature Test In line with MIL-C-675C specifications, test pieces were subjected to temperatures of -62±1℃ and 71±1℃. After maintaining them at room temperature (16℃~32℃) for two hours, the adhesion test was repeated, confirming no film detachment.
  • Abrasion Resistance Test Conforming to MIL-C-675C and CCC-C-440 standards, the abrasion resistance test involved a gauze tester applying a minimum force of 1.0 lbs (0.45 kg) to the film. This was repeated 25 times with gauze widths of 1/4 inch (6.4mm) and 3/8 inch (9.5mm), ensuring no damage occurred to the film surface.
  • Humidity Test Under MIL-C-675C criteria, the test piece was placed in a controlled temperature and humidity chamber set to 49 ±2℃ and 95%~100% humidity for 24 hours. The film remained intact, with no peeling, scratches, or other defects.
  • Solvent and Cleaning Testing Following MIL-C-675C specifications, test pieces were exposed to room temperature conditions (16℃~32℃) and tested with acetone and alcohol for at least 10 minutes each. After air drying and subsequent cleaning with a cotton cloth soaked in alcohol, the film surface showed no signs of peeling or scratches.
  • Salt Spray Test After 100 hours in a 35°C environment with a 5% saltwater concentration, the film showed no signs of damage.

POC Strength and Capabilities

 

Photonics On Crystals (POC) offers advanced processing and customization services for PbWO₄ crystals, including:

  • Precision cutting, polishing, and coating tailored to client specifications.
  • High production standards ensuring consistent quality and performance.
  • Expertise in integrating PbWO₄ crystals for scientific, industrial, and medical applications.
  • Dedicated support for custom OEM solutions.

Standard Products

Dimensions (mm)

Coating

Price (USD)

Customization Available

10 x 10 x 2

AR @ 440/530 nm

350

Yes

15 x 15 x 5

AR @ 440/530 nm

550

Yes

20 x 20 x 5

AR @ 440/530 nm

750

Yes

POC-OC-122497-PbWO₄ Crystal

Related products