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KTP Crystal

POC-OC-122406-KTP Crystal

  • Wide Nonlinear Optical Coefficient: Offers high nonlinear optical efficiency for a variety of laser applications.
  • Broad Angular Bandwidth: Low walk-off angle ensures enhanced beam quality and stability.
  • Wide Transparency Range: Operates effectively within 350 nm to 4500 nm for various wavelengths.
  • High Electro-Optic Coefficient: Low dielectric constant with exceptional electro-optic properties for E-O modulators.
  • Chemical and Mechanical Stability: Non-hygroscopic, thermally robust, and mechanically durable for extended usage in diverse environments.

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Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP Crystal ) is a versatile nonlinear optical crystal widely utilized in commercial and scientific applications due to its superior optical properties. With a high nonlinear optical coefficient, KTP is a preferred choice for frequency doubling of Nd:YAG lasers and other laser systems operating at low to medium power. Its broad angular bandwidth and minimal walk-off angle make it ideal for producing high-quality beam output. The non-hygroscopic nature of KTP ensures long-term durability, even in challenging environments. Additionally, KTP crystals exhibit excellent electro-optic coefficients, making them highly suitable for electro-optic modulators, waveguides, and optical communication systems.

General Applications and Examples

KTP crystals are renowned for their extensive applications in photonics and laser technology:

  • Frequency Doubling: Commonly used to double the frequency of Nd:YAG lasers to generate green light at 532 nm. Examples include producing green lasers with 80% conversion efficiency.
  • Optical Parametric Oscillators (OPOs): Generates tunable wavelengths from 600 nm to mid-infrared (4500 nm). Applications include laser source development for LiDAR and environmental monitoring.
  • Electro-Optic Modulation: Excellent performance as modulators in optical communication systems due to high electro-optic coefficients.
  • Intracavity and Extracavity Frequency Conversion: KTP crystals efficiently generate blue and red light through intracavity SHG of Nd:YAG lasers.
  • Waveguide Applications: Low-loss optical waveguides for integrated photonics, including parametric devices and laser amplifiers.

Chemical and Structural Properties

Property

Value

Crystal Structure

Orthorhombic, Space group Pna2₁, Point group mm²

Lattice Parameters

a = 6.404 Å, b = 10.616 Å, c = 12.814 Å

Melting Point

~1172 °C

Mohs Hardness

5

Density

3.01 g/cm³

Thermal Conductivity

13 W/m·K

Thermal Expansion Coefficient

aₐ = 11×10⁻⁶ /°C, aᵦ = 9×10⁻⁶ /°C, aₐ = 0.6×10⁻⁶ /°C

Optical and Nonlinear Optical Properties

Property

Value

Transparency Range

350–4500 nm

SHG Phase Matchable Range

497–1800 nm (Type II)

Thermal-Optic Coefficients (°C⁻¹)

dn/dT = 1.1 × 10⁻⁵, dn/dT = 1.3 × 10⁻⁵

Absorption Coefficients (cm⁻¹)

<0.1% @ 1064 nm, <1% @ 532 nm

NLO Coefficients

d₃₃ = 13.7 pm/V, d₃₁ = 6.5 pm/V

Walk-off Angle

0.55° @ 1064 nm

Sellmeier Equations (λ in μm)

nₓ² = 3.0065 + 0.03901 / (λ² – 0.04251) – 0.01327λ²

Dielectric Constant

εᵣ = 13

Standard Fabrication Specifications

Specification

Value

Dimension Tolerance (mm)

W × H (± 0.1) × L (± 0.5/± 0.1)

Angle Tolerance

Δθ ≤ 0.25°, Δφ ≤ 0.25°

Parallelism

<20 arc seconds

Perpendicularity

<5 arc minutes

Chamfer

0.1 mm @ 45°

Surface Quality

10/5 Scratch/Dig

Surface Flatness

λ/8 @ 633 nm

Damage Threshold (GW/cm²)

>1.0 @ 1064 nm, >0.3 @ 532 nm

Spectrum Transmission Curve:

Spectrum transmission curves are available upon request, showcasing the high transparency of KTP within the 350 nm to 4500 nm range.

Coating Specification:

  • KTP crystals can be provided with high-quality coatings to enhance their optical performance:

    • AR Coating: Dual-band and broadband anti-reflection coatings for 1064 nm and 532 nm.
    • High Reflective Coatings: Ensures reflectivity >99.8% for specific laser wavelengths.
  • Adhesion Test Compliant with MIL-C-675C military standards, an adhesion test involved applying a tape that meets LT-90 specifications onto the lens film layer. The tape was affixed fully and then removed vertically. This procedure was performed three times, resulting in no blistering or peeling.
  • Temperature Test In line with MIL-C-675C specifications, test pieces were subjected to temperatures of -62±1℃ and 71±1℃. After maintaining them at room temperature (16℃~32℃) for two hours, the adhesion test was repeated, confirming no film detachment.
  • Abrasion Resistance Test Conforming to MIL-C-675C and CCC-C-440 standards, the abrasion resistance test involved a gauze tester applying a minimum force of 1.0 lbs (0.45 kg) to the film. This was repeated 25 times with gauze widths of 1/4 inch (6.4mm) and 3/8 inch (9.5mm), ensuring no damage occurred to the film surface.
  • Humidity Test Under MIL-C-675C criteria, the test piece was placed in a controlled temperature and humidity chamber set to 49 ±2℃ and 95%~100% humidity for 24 hours. The film remained intact, with no peeling, scratches, or other defects.
  • Solvent and Cleaning Testing Following MIL-C-675C specifications, test pieces were exposed to room temperature conditions (16℃~32℃) and tested with acetone and alcohol for at least 10 minutes each. After air drying and subsequent cleaning with a cotton cloth soaked in alcohol, the film surface showed no signs of peeling or scratches.
  • Salt Spray Test After 100 hours in a 35°C environment with a 5% saltwater concentration, the film showed no signs of damage.

 

POC Strength and Capabilities

KTP crystals offer unmatched versatility and strength in photonics applications. Their ability to function across a broad wavelength spectrum with low absorption and high efficiency makes them an ideal solution for laser systems. The high damage threshold ensures reliability under intense operational conditions. Furthermore, the non-hygroscopic and chemically stable nature of KTP enhances its durability and reduces maintenance requirements, making it a cost-effective choice for both research and industrial applications.

Standard Products

Face Dimensions

Length

Theta

Phi

Coatings

Application

Price (USD)

3×3 mm

5 mm

90°

23°

AR@532+1064nm

SHG@1064nm Type I

$110

5×5 mm

10 mm

90°

23°

AR@532+1064nm

SHG@1064nm Type I

$150

7×7 mm

20 mm

90°

23°

AR@532+1064nm

SHG@1064nm Type I

$200

Custom

Custom

Custom

Custom

Custom

Custom

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POC-OC-122406-KTP Crystal

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